Clements, Frederic E. (Frederic Edward), 1874-1945

found: LCCN 63-12427: His Rocky Mountain flowers, 1963(hdg.: Clements, Frederic Edward, 1874-1945; usage: Frederic E. Clements)

found: LC data base, 7-3-85(hdg.: Clements, Frederic Edward, 1874-1945; usage: Frederic E. Clements; Frederic Edward Clements)

found: The role of animals in succession, 1996:p. 1 (Frederick Clements) p. 2 (Frederick Edward Clements, 1874-1945) p. 3 (Dr. F.E. Clements)

found: Britannica (website). viewed Dec. 5, 2023:Frederic Edward Clements (born Sept. 16, 1874, Lincoln, Neb., U.S.--died July 26, 1945, Santa Barbara, Calif.), American botanist, taxonomist, and ecologist who influenced the early study of plant communities, particularly the process of plant succession. Clements was educated at the University of Nebraska, where he studied under the influential American botanist Charles E. Bessey. Clements received an undergraduate degree in 1894, a master's degree in botany in 1896, and a Ph.D. in botany in 1898. Although deeply committed to agricultural problems, Bessey was also a leading proponent of the "new botany," which emphasized microscopy, plant physiology, and laboratory experimentation. These approaches had a profound impact on Clements's intellectual development. Together with Roscoe Pound, another of Bessey's students who later became a distinguished legal scholar, Clements wrote The Phytogeography of Nebraska (1898). This broad survey of plants and plant communities served as the joint doctoral thesis for Pound and Clements, and it introduced some of the ecological techniques that Clements later perfected. While serving as a botany professor at the University of Nebraska, Clements outlined this organismal idea in Research Methods in Ecology (1905), a work that also served as a manifesto for the new science of plant ecology.) - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Frederic-Edward-Clements

found: Britannica (website). viewed Dec. 5, 2023:Frederic Edward Clements (During his tenure at the University of Minnesota between 1907 and 1917, Clements presented a much more detailed account of the organismal concept in his most influential work, Plant Succession: An Analysis of the Development of Vegetation (1916). Clements described plant succession as a developmental process through which the community underwent a well-defined series of stages that ultimately resulted in a mature, or climax, community. The climax community was both an indicator and expression of the climatic conditions that determined it. As both a broad overview of earlier research and a systematic theoretical statement, Plant Succession defined a major area of research that became a central focus of plant ecology prior to World War II. Largely due to the success of that book, the Carnegie Institution of Washington appointed Clements a full-time research associate, a position he held from 1917 to 1941. Clements successfully used the position to improve the laboratory he had founded in 1900 near Pikes Peak, Colo., where he worked during the summer. He worked at the Carnegie Institution's lab in Tucson, Ariz., during the winters. After he and his wife moved to Santa Barbara, Calif., in 1925, he continued his summer research at the Pikes Peak lab but worked at a lab in Santa Barbara during subsequent winters.) - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Frederic-Edward-Clements