Writing, Gothic

found: Britannica Academic online, viewed June 20, 2023:black letter (Black letter, also called Gothic script or Old English script, in calligraphy, a style of alphabet that was used for manuscript books and documents throughout Europe--especially in German-speaking countries--from the end of the 12th century to the 20th century.) calligraphy (The black-letter, or Gothic, style (9th to 15th century); Especially in northern Europe, a black-letter style of increasing density deepened the colour of the page and imparted to this formal book hand the appearance of woven fabric, giving rise to its generic name of textura...Paleographers have distinguished four types of black-letter (textualis) styles that were used in Germany, France, England, and Italy: prescissa, quadrata, semi-quadrata, and rotunda.)

found: The Oxford Companion to the Book online, viewed June 30, 2023:black letter (Sometimes used popularly as the English equivalent for the whole gothic type family, both early and more recent; the term also refers to scripts that developed from the 12th century.)

found: Wikipedia, viewed September 18, 2023:blackletter (Blackletter (sometimes black letter), also known as Gothic script, Gothic minuscule, or Textura, was a script used throughout Western Europe from approximately 1150 until the 17th century.)