found: Work cat.: 99886095: Lamolle, G. Sin disfraz, c1998.
found: Garland encyc. world mus.:murga (1. Musical/theatrical carnival group in Uruguay; 2. informal street festival music ensemble in Uruguay; 3. urban carnival song genre in Argentina) p. 511 (under Uruguay: murgas, groups of dancers and singers that appear at carnival)
found: Diccionario de la música española e hispanoamericana(Murga: small company, ensemble, or group of street musicians which, in certain festivities or carnivals, usually plays in front of well-to-do houses or in the streets; usually formed of wind instrumentalists of low quality, with a popular repertory; has as basic characteristics its forming more or less spontaneously during the festivals and having a set instrumentation; an indispensable musical ensemble in Panamanian carnivals; one of the most popular types of ensemble of the Uruguayan Carnival; the first murga came to Montevideo in 1909 with a small zarzuela company from Cádiz; lyrics of the Uruguayan murga allude most frequently to social and political events of the annual cycle between carnivals and to topics, characters, and situations of daily life)
found: Grove music online WWW site, Dec. 30, 2004(under Uruguay, Traditional and popular music, Mestizo music and instruments: The murga is a dramatic form used traditionally during the long Carnival festivities. Although its origins are unclear (in Spanish the word was originally used to describe groups of non-professional musicians asking for money), by 1920 the name was given to societies practising this style, formed in the main by poor people. During its "golden age" in the 1940s certain characteristics emerged and were consolidated. These included free use of fashionable tunes, with satirical lyrics composed annually on a wide range of subjects from critiques of daily life to obscene jokes; delivery with a strong nasal voice; use of rhythms regarded as mestizo, supported by a bass, snare drum set and cymbals; and a repertory of gestures and choreographic movements performed by musicians with painted faces wearing colourful clothes. Until the 1970s murgas were found only as part of Carnival. However, during the 1960s, the murga developed as a number of popular musicians began to build songs based on the marcha camión, one of its rhythmic patterns. During the 1970s murga gradually became accepted by new social groups, and by the 1990s murga was a successful part of the repertory of popular singer-composers)
