. . "Extracellular polymeric substances"@en . _:b7iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b7iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 _:b8iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b7iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b8iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b8iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Extracellular polymeric substances"@en . _:b11iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b11iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b11iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b11iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "EPSs (Extracellular polymeric substances)"@en . _:b11iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 _:b16iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b16iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 _:b17iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b16iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b17iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b17iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "EPSs (Extracellular polymeric substances)"@en . _:b20iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b20iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b20iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b20iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Exopolymers"@en . _:b20iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 _:b25iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b25iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 _:b26iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b25iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b26iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b26iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Exopolymers"@en . _:b29iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b29iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b29iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b29iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Extracellular polymers"@en . _:b29iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 _:b34iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b34iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 _:b35iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b34iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b35iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b35iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Extracellular polymers"@en . _:b38iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b38iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b38iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b38iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Extracellular polysaccharides"@en . _:b38iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 _:b43iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b43iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 _:b44iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b43iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b44iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b44iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Extracellular polysaccharides"@en . "150 $aExtracellular polymeric substances" . . . "Extracellular polymeric substances" . . . "Glycocalyces"@en . . . . "Microbial polymers"@en . _:b62iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b62iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 _:b63iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b62iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b63iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b63iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Microbial polymers"@en . . . . . "sh2017000052" . . . _:b74iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b74iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b74iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Work cat: Brown, M.L. Examination of mechanisms of enhanced resistance to iodine in biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, [1994]:" . _:b74iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "abstr. (Biofilms are complex conglomerations of microbial cells, organic molecules, and inorganic molecules enmneshed in a glycocalyx matrix. ... This study demonstrates that povidone-iodine resistance in a biofilm of P. aeruginosa is due to the protective layering of cells within the interconnected glycocalyx which increases the time required to detach cells and, therefore, the time required for iodine to contact cells in the deepest layers of the biofilm)"@en . _:b74iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "found" . _:b82iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b82iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b82iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Encyclopedia of astrobiology, via WWW, Jan. 5, 2017" . _:b82iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "(Exopolymers ... Synonyms: EPS; extracellular polymeric substances; extracellular polymers; extracellular polysaccharides. Definition: Exopolymers are polymers that are deposited outside the (microbial) cell. These polymers are predominantly composed of carbohydrates, but many contain various other components such as proteins, DNA, and glycolipids. Some exopolymers consist of neutral sugars such as glucose, while others are acidic in nature and contain a variety of charged groups such as the uronic acids, carboxy groups, sulfated sugars, or pyruvate groups. The molecular structure and composition of exopolymers is therefore highly diverse and complex. Exopolymers form the matrix of biofilms in which the microorganisms are embedded, but also serve a plethora of other functions)"@en . _:b82iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "found" . _:b90iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b90iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b90iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Biotechnology advances, Nov.-Dec. 2010:" . _:b90iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "p. 882 (In biological wastewater treatment systems, most of the microorganisms are present in the form of microbial aggregates, such as sludge flocs, biofilms, and granules. The presence of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), a complex high-molecular-weight mixture of polymers, in pure cultures, activated sludge, granular sludge, and biofilms, has been confirmed and observed using various electron microscopy techniques. ... Actually, the EPS are mainly the high-molecular-weight secretions from microorganisms, and the products of cellular lysis and hydrolysis of macromolecules. ... The forms of EPS that exist outside of cells can be subdivided into bound EPS (sheaths, capsular polymers, condensed gels, loosely bound polymers, and attached organic materials) and soluble EPS (soluble macromolecules, colloids, and slimes))"@en . _:b90iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "found" . _:b98iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b98iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b98iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Microbial extracellular polymeric substances, ©1999:" . _:b98iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "p. 2 (Microbial EPS are biosynthetic polymers (biopolymers). EPS were defined ... as \"extracellular polymeric substances of biologic origin that participate in the formation of microbial aggregates.\" ... [I]n a glossary to the report of the Dahlem Workshop on Structure and Function of Biofilms in Berlin 1988 ... EPS were defined as \"organic polymers of microbial origin which in biofilm systems are frequently responsible for binding cells and other particulate materials together (cohesion) and to the substratum (adhesion).\" ... In the following [chapter], the abbreviation \"EPS\" is used for \"extracellular polymeric substances\" as a more general and comprehensive term for different classes of organic macromolecules such as polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, (phospho)lipids, and other polymeric compounds, which have been found to occur in the intercellular spaces of microbial aggregates. At present, other microbial biopolymers such as poly-[Beta]-hydroxyalkanoates are not normally regarded as EPS, since they are typically intracellular components of microbial cells. To the authors' knowledge, their extracellular occurrence in biofilms has not yet been reported)"@en . _:b98iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "found" . _:b106iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b106iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b106iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "2017-01-09T00:00:00"^^ . _:b106iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "new"^^ . _:b106iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b106iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b114iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b114iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b114iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "2017-05-15T09:34:47"^^ . _:b114iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "revised"^^ . _:b114iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b114iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . . "Extracellular polymeric substances"@en . _:b125iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b125iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b125iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "EPSs (Extracellular polymeric substances)"@en . _:b130iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b130iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b130iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Exopolymers"@en . _:b135iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b135iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b135iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Extracellular polymers"@en . _:b140iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b140iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b140iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "Extracellular polysaccharides"@en . . . "Microbial polymers"@en . . . "Glycocalyces"@en . . . "Extracellular polymeric substances" . . "EPSs (Extracellular polymeric substances)"@en . "Exopolymers"@en . "Extracellular polymers"@en . "Extracellular polysaccharides"@en . _:b169iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b169iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b169iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b169iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b169iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "2017-01-09T00:00:00"^^ . _:b169iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "new"^^ . _:b177iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b177iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b177iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b177iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 . _:b177iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "2017-05-15T09:34:47"^^ . _:b177iddOtlocdOtgovauthoritiessubjectssh2017000052 "revised"^^ .