Babine-Witsuwit'en language
type: Topic
type: Authority
authoritative label: Babine-Witsuwit'en language
element list: TopicElement
  element value: Babine-Witsuwit'en language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Babeen language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Babeen language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Babine Carrier language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Babine Carrier language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Babine-Hagwilgate language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Babine-Hagwilgate language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Babine language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Babine language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Babine-Wet'suwet'en language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Babine-Wet'suwet'en language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Bulkley Valley Lakes District language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Bulkley Valley Lakes District language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Bulkley Valley language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Bulkley Valley language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Carrier language, Babine
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Carrier language, Babine
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Carrier language, North
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Carrier language, North
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Carrier language, Northern
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Carrier language, Northern
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Carrier language, Northwestern
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Carrier language, Northwestern
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Carrier language, Western
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Carrier language, Western
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Lake Babine language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Lake Babine language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Lakes District language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Lakes District language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Nadot'en language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Nadot'en language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Nadot'en-Wet'suwet'en language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Nadot'en-Wet'suwet'en language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Nâte-ote-tain language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Nâte-ote-tain language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Nat'ooten language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Nat'ooten language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Nedut'en language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Nedut'en language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: North Carrier language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: North Carrier language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Northern Carrier language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Northern Carrier language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Northwestern Carrier language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Northwestern Carrier language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Western Carrier language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Western Carrier language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Wet'suwet'en language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Wet'suwet'en language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Witsuwit'en-Babine language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Witsuwit'en-Babine language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Witsuwit'en language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Witsuwit'en language
has variant: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Witsuwit'en-Nedut'en language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Witsuwit'en-Nedut'en language
marc key: 150 $aBabine-Witsuwit'en language
classification: ClassNumber
  code: PM664
  has exact external authority: PM664
has close external authority: Babine-Sprache
has close external authority: Babine-Witsuwit'en
has earlier established form: Topic
  type: Variant
  variant label: Babine language
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Babine language
has broader authority: British Columbia--Languages
has close external authority: Babine-Witsuwit'en language
has broader authority: Athapascan languages
has close external authority: Babine (langue)
has narrower authority: Witsuwit'en dialect
is member of MADS collection: collection LCSHAuthorizedHeadings
is member of MADS collection: collection LCSH General
is member of MADS collection: collection SubdivideGeographically
is member of MADS scheme: subjects
lccn: sh 85010736
has source: Source
  citation source: Work cat.: Story, G.L. Babine and Carrier phonology : a historically oriented study, 1984.
  citation status: found
has source: Source
  citation source: Web. 3.
  citation status: found
type: Concept
broader: British Columbia--Languages
broader: Athapascan languages
narrower: Witsuwit'en dialect
in scheme: subjects
alternative label: Babeen language
alternative label: Babine Carrier language
alternative label: Babine-Hagwilgate language
alternative label: Babine language
alternative label: Babine-Wet'suwet'en language
alternative label: Bulkley Valley Lakes District language
alternative label: Bulkley Valley language
alternative label: Carrier language, Babine
alternative label: Carrier language, North
alternative label: Carrier language, Northern
alternative label: Carrier language, Northwestern
alternative label: Carrier language, Western
alternative label: Lake Babine language
alternative label: Lakes District language
alternative label: Nadot'en language
alternative label: Nadot'en-Wet'suwet'en language
alternative label: Nâte-ote-tain language
alternative label: Nat'ooten language
alternative label: Nedut'en language
alternative label: North Carrier language
alternative label: Northern Carrier language
alternative label: Northwestern Carrier language
alternative label: Western Carrier language
alternative label: Wet'suwet'en language
alternative label: Witsuwit'en-Babine language
alternative label: Witsuwit'en language
alternative label: Witsuwit'en-Nedut'en language

Babine-Sprache
type: Authority
authoritative label: Babine-Sprache
type: Concept

Babine-Witsuwit'en
type: Authority
authoritative label: Babine-Witsuwit'en
type: Concept

British Columbia--Languages
type: ComplexSubject
type: Authority
authoritative label: British Columbia--Languages
component list: Geographic
  type: Authority
  authoritative label: British Columbia
  element list: GeographicElement
    element value: British Columbia
component list: Topic
  type: Authority
  authoritative label: Languages
  element list: TopicElement
    element value: Languages
type: Concept

Babine-Witsuwit'en language
type: Authority
authoritative label: Babine-Witsuwit'en language
type: Concept

Athapascan languages
type: Topic
type: Authority
authoritative label: Athapascan languages
element list: TopicElement
  element value: Athapascan languages
type: Concept

Babine (langue)
type: Authority
authoritative label: Babine (langue) @fr
type: Concept

Witsuwit'en dialect
type: Authority
authoritative label: Witsuwit'en dialect
type: Concept

Source
citation source: Voegelin lang.
citation note: (Babines dialect of Carrier)
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Ethnologue
citation note: (Babine, Babine Carrier, Northern Carrier)
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Kloss and McConnel
citation note: (Variants of Carrier: Babine, Northern Carrier)
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Hargus, S. Witsuwit'en grammar, ©2007:
citation note: p. 3 (Witsuwit'en is a dialect of Witsuwit'en-Babine (Athabaskan family). The language has also been known as Babine, Northern Carrier, Western Carrier, Babine/Witsuwit'en, and the Bulkley Valley Lakes District language, among other names. The language is best known in academic circles as "Babine", but that term is considered derogatory by some native speakers, and if the term is used locally at all, it refers to the Babine dialect or people who live at or frequent Babine Lake; Babine-Takla and Witsuwit'en are the main dialect divisions within Witsuwit'en-Babine; Witsuwit'en-Babine is spoken in western central British Columbia) p. 6 (the two main dialects of Witsuwit'en-Babine are Witsuwit'en and U'in Wit'en (also known as Babine)) p. 10 (linguists now agree that Carrier and Witsuwit'en-Babine are distinct languages) p. 14 (some of the other names that have been used for Witsuwit'en-Babine are Babine, Nâte-ote-tain, Babine-Hagwilgate and Northwestern Carrier) p. 15 (Witsuwit'en is also written locally as Wet'suwet'en) (OCoLC)79256044
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Ethnologue, Oct. 4, 2022
citation note: (Babine; a language of Canada; alternate names: Babine Carrier, Lake Babine, Nadot'en, Nat'oot'en, Northern Carrier; autonym: Nedut'en; dialects: Wetsuset'en (Babine-Witsuwit'en, Bulkley Lakes, Witsuwit'en), Babine Proper, Takla, Francois Lake; location: British Columbia province: scattered. Bulkley river and Burns lake areas(Wetsuset'en dialect); Lake Babine and Takla Lake communities (Babine Proper dialect); classification: Eyak-Athabaskan, Athabaskan, Northern Athabaskan)
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Omniglot website, Oct. 4, 2022
citation note: (Babine-Witsuwit'en; Athabaskan language spoken in parts of British Columbia; two main dialects of Babine-Witsuwit'en: Babine (Nedut'en), which is spoken around Babine, Trembleur and Takla Lakes; and Witsuwit'en, which is spoken in the Bulkley Valley by Broman and Skins Lakes)
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Glottolog website, Oct. 4, 2022
citation note: (Witsuwit'en-Babine; dialects: Babine-Takla, Witsuwit'en)
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Office of the Wet'suwet'en website, Oct. 4, 2022:
citation note: Our culture > Wet'suwet'en language (The Wet'suwet'en people speak Witsuwit'en, a dialect of the Babine-Witsuwit'en language which, like its sister language Carrier, is a member of the Athabaskan family)
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Niwhkinic Holhkin--our language chest : the Witsuwit'en Language and Culture Society's position on the proposed federal indigenous languages legislation, 2018, via Witsuwit'en Language & Culture Society website, viewed Oct. 4, 2022:
citation note: p. 6 (The Witsuwit'en-Babine language belongs to the Na-Dene (Athapaskan) language family, one of the largest language families in Canada. Our language was historically categorized as part of the Carrier language, along with many of our eastern neighbours; however, linguists James Kari and Hank Hildebrandt recognized that our language is distinct from the Carrier language; The spelling of "Witsuwit'en" is based on our current writing system developed by Hargus and is preferred in education and by our society. Though it is endorsed by our Hereditary Chiefs, they for the moment have chosen to retain "Wet'suwet'en" due to its usage in Delgamuukw v. British Columbia)
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Native languages of the Americas website, Oct. 4, 2022
citation note: (Babine-Wet'suwet'en (Takla, Wetsuweten). Babine-Wet'suwet'en is an Athabascan language spoken by around 200 people in British Columbia; language has also been called North Carrier, Northern Carrier, or Babine Carrier, because of its linguistic similarity to the Carrier language. Alternate spellings of these names have included Babeen, Ned'uten, Neduten, Nadot'en, Nadoten, Nat'ooten, Natooten, Wetsuweten, Wetsuwet'en, Wets'uwet'en, Witsuwit'en, Witsuwiten, Wits'uwit'en, and Wit'suwit'en)
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Wikipedia, Oct. 4, 2022
citation note: (Babine-Witsuwitʼen or Nadotʼen-Wetʼsuwetʼen is an Athabaskan language spoken in the Central Interior of British Columbia. Its closest relative is Carrier. Because of this linguistic relationship together with political and cultural ties, Babine-Witsuwitʼen is often referred to as Northern Carrier or Western Carrier; A term used briefly in the 1990s is Bulkley Valley -- Lakes District Language, abbreviated BVLD. Ethnologue uses the bare name Babine for the language as a whole, not just for the Babine dialect; Babine--Witsuwitʼen consists of two main dialects: "Babine/Nedut'en" spoken by the Babine (Nadot'en) around Babine Lake, Trembleur Lake, and Takla Lake, and "Witsuwitʼen" spoken by the Wet'suwet'en ("People of the Wet'sinkwha / Wa Dzun Kwuh River, i.e. Bulkley River", literally: "People of the blue and green River") in the Bulkley Valley, around Broman Lake, and in the vicinity of Skins Lake)
citation status: found

Source
citation source: Endangered Languages Project website, Oct. 4, 2022
citation note: (Witsuwit'en; also known as: Witsuwit'en-Nedut'en, Witsuwit'en-Babine, Witsuwit'en, Wet'suwet'en, Northern Carrier, Babine-Witsuwit'en, Babine, Babine Carrier, Bulkley Valley Language, Lakes District Language, Nedut'en (variety), Nadot'en, Nat'oot'en, Lake Babine; classification: Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit, Athabaskan; variants & dialects: Western (Witsuwet'en); Eastern (Babine proper / Nedut'en))
citation status: found

RecordInfo
record change date: 1986-02-11T00:00:00
record status: new
record content source: dlc

RecordInfo
record change date: 2023-02-22T15:58:21
record status: revised
record content source: wau

Babeen language
type: Label

Babine Carrier language
type: Label

Babine-Hagwilgate language
type: Label

Babine language
type: Label

Babine-Wet'suwet'en language
type: Label

Bulkley Valley Lakes District language
type: Label

Bulkley Valley language
type: Label

Carrier language, Babine
type: Label

Carrier language, North
type: Label

Carrier language, Northern
type: Label

Carrier language, Northwestern
type: Label

Carrier language, Western
type: Label

Lake Babine language
type: Label

Lakes District language
type: Label

Nadot'en language
type: Label

Nadot'en-Wet'suwet'en language
type: Label

Nâte-ote-tain language
type: Label

Nat'ooten language
type: Label

Nedut'en language
type: Label

North Carrier language
type: Label

Northern Carrier language
type: Label

Northwestern Carrier language
type: Label

Western Carrier language
type: Label

Wet'suwet'en language
type: Label

Witsuwit'en-Babine language
type: Label

Witsuwit'en language
type: Label

Witsuwit'en-Nedut'en language
type: Label

ChangeSet
subject of change: Babine-Witsuwit'en language
creator name: dlc
created date: 1986-02-11T00:00:00
change reason: new

ChangeSet
subject of change: Babine-Witsuwit'en language
creator name: wau
created date: 2023-02-22T15:58:21
change reason: revised