Archinard, Louis, 1850-1932

found: Portrait du colonialisme triomphant, c2006:t.p. (Louis Archinard, 1850-1932)

found: Dictionary of African Biography, accessed November 17, 2014, via Oxford African American Studies Center database:(Archinard, Louis; French general, foreign military officer; born 11 February 1850 in Le Havre, France; admitted into the École Polytechnique in Palaiseau, near Paris (1868); his graduation and appointment as under- lieutenant coincided with the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871); served his first military assignment at the siege of Paris (1870-1871); promoted to captain and gained his first colonial experience in Saigon (1876-1878); returned to the École Polytechnique and served as inspector; headed to French West Africa, where his career blossomed together with the conquest of the Sudan (1880); returned to the French Sudan as superior commander and as the inaugural governor of the new colony separated from Senegal (1892); campaigned to finish the destruction of the Umarian empire at Nioro and Macina (1892-1893); served on the commission that planed the military conquest of Madagascar (1893); promoted to general and posted to Cochinchina (today Vietnam) as commander of the brigade (1897); joined the reserves (1915); was called out of retirement to help establish a new army in Poland (1919); died 08 May 1932)