Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

found: Seĭfulʹmuli︠u︡kov, I.A. Strany OPEK v razvivai︠u︡shchemsi︠a︡ mire, 1989:t.p. (OPEK)

found: Information from 678 converted Dec. 19, 2014(Formed 10th-14th Sept. 1960.)

found: Tāj Bakhsh, Ghulām Riz̤ā. Nāʹguftahʹhāyī darbārah-yi siyāsat-i naftī-i Īrān dar dahah-yi pas az millī shudan va yādʹdāshtʹhā-yi Fuʼād Rūḥānī, nukhustīn Dabīr-i Kull-i Sāzmān-i Kishvarʹhā-yi Ṣādirʹkunandah-yi Naft (Ūpik), 2014:title page (Sāzmān-i Kishvarʹhā-yi Ṣādirʹkunandah-yi Naft)

found: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries website, July 13, 2023:home page (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries; OPEC) About us (OPEC is a permanent intergovernmental organization of 13 oil-exporting developing nations) Brief history (created at the Baghdad Conference on September 10-14, 1960, by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela; OPEC had its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, in the first five years of its existence. This was moved to Vienna, Austria, on September 1, 1965) - https://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/index.htm

found: Britannica online, July 13, 2023(OPEC, in full Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, multinational organization; established at a conference held in Baghdad September 10-14, 1960, and was formally constituted in January 1961 by five countries: Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, and Venezuela. Members admitted afterward include Qatar (1961), Indonesia (1962), Libya (1962), Abu Dhabi (1967), Algeria (1969), Nigeria (1971), Ecuador (1973), Angola (2007), Equatorial Guinea (2017), and the Republic of the Congo (2018). The United Arab Emirates--which includes Abu Dhabi (the largest of the emirates), Dubai, ʻAjmān, Sharjah, Umm al-Qaywayn, Raʼs al-Khaymah, and Al-Fujayrah--assumed Abu Dhabi's membership in the 1970s. Gabon, which had joined in 1975, withdrew in January 1995 but rejoined in 2016. Ecuador suspended its OPEC membership from 1992 until 2007, while Indonesia suspended its membership beginning in 2009 and briefly rejoined in 2016. Qatar, during a prolonged blockade implemented by other OPEC countries, terminated its membership in January 2019; headquarters, first located in Geneva, was moved to Vienna in 1965)