Cappenberger Barbarossakopf

found: Horch, Caroline. "Nach dem Bild des Kaisers", 2013:title page (des Cappenberger Barbarossakopfes ...)

found: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek online, Feb. 21, 2014(access point: Cappenberger Barbarossakopf; other access point: Kappenberger Barbarossakopf; created between 1155-1171, portrait bust of Holy Roman emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa), considered to be the first portrait representation of a secular ruler in medieval art, later reworked into a reliquary)

found: German Wikipedia, Feb. 21, 2014:"Cappenberger Barbarossakopf" (Cappenberger Barbarossakopf; a portrait bust of emperor Friedrich I. Barbarossa of gilded bronze; first portrait representation of Western art since Carolingian times, and turned into a reliquary in the 12th century; located today in the treasury of the Catholic parish church of St. Johannes Evangelist in Cappenberg near Lünen, the prior collegiate church of the Praemonstratensian monastery of Cappenberg; 31.4 cm. high weighing 4.6 kg.; artist unknown, exact date of creation unknown, but must be between 1155 (coronation of Friedrich) and 1171 (death of Otto of Cappenberg); first mentioned 1171 in a document of the Cappenberg monastery)