found: Work cat.: Crapanzano, Vincent. The Ḥamadsha : a study in Moroccan ethnopsychiatry, 1973:p. 1 (The Ḥamadsha are members of a loosely and diversely organized religious brotherhood, or confraternity, which traces its spiritual heritage back to two Moroccan saints of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries ... The Ḥamadsha have been classified ... as an extreme example of the confrérie populaire, a sort of degenerate form of the Sufi brotherhoods of the Muslim high tradition)
found: Encyclopedia of religion and ethics, 1924:v. 10, p. 722 (The Ḥamadsha, or Ḥamadushia, a Moroccoan order, though far behind the ʻIsāwiyyah in influence and expansion, are closely akin to them in their peculiar usages, and are noted for their practices of striking the head with an axe, and throwing cannon balls into the air and catching them with their skulls)
found: LC database, Jun. 23, 2006(hdg.: Ḥamadsha)
notfound: Encyc. of Islam;Encyc. of Islam and the Muslim world
