Germans--Canada--Forced removal and internment, 1939-1943

found: Work cat.: 2006462365: Auger, M.F. Prisoners on the home front, c2005:p. 3 (when Canada declared war on Nazi Germany on 10 Sept. 1939, the federal government took measures toward incarcerating "enemy subjects"; run entirely by the Dept. of National Defence; approximately 38,000 Germans were detained in 25 permanent internment camps and in dozens of smaller work camps located throughout Canada; among the internees were some 34,000 prisoners of war who came from all branches of the German armed forces; most of the civilians were deemed no threat to the nation and released between 1941 and 1943)

found: The Canadian encyclopedia WWW Home page, Oct. 4, 2006(most German Canadians interned during World War II were members of German-sponsored organizations or leaders of the Nazi Party in Canada)

found: Prisoners of the home front: a social study of the German internment camps of southern Quebec, 1940--1946, 2000p. 1 ("During the Second World War, some 40,000 Germans were detained in internment camps located throughout Canada. Among these internees were prisoners of war, refugees and Canadian civilians of German descent... The internment operation in southern Quebec was divided into two phases. The first... witnessed the incarceration of numerous civilians") p. 30 ("This amalgamation of civilian internees and prisoners of war into the same category demonstrated that the Canadian government did not understand who their inmates were") (OCoLC)654206736

found: Enemy aliens: the internment of Jewish refugees in Canada , 1940-43, WWW site viewed February 1, 2021("These men, many between the ages of 16 and 20, had found asylum in Britain only to be arrested under the suspicion that there were spies in their midst. After a brief period of internment in England, they were deported to Canada and imprisoned in New Brunswick, Ontario and Québec alongside political refugees and, in some camps, avowed Nazis") - http://www.enemyaliens.ca/accueil-home-eng.html

found: Library and archives Canada, WWW site viewed January 21, 2021Second World War ("The first German prisoners arrived in Canada in the days following the declaration of war. They were either Jewish refugees or enemy merchant seamen. Prisoners of war soon followed. They were first received at stations located near major urban centers like Montreal, Toronto, Kingston, Vancouver, Niagara, etc. These stations were temporary receiving camps since the 'permanent' camps were not yet ready") - https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/politics-government/Pages/thematic-guides-internment-camps.aspx#c3

found: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Peter Mansbacher papers, WWW site viewed February 1, 2021Biography ("Concerned for his safety, his parents secured him a place on a Kindertransport to England in December 1938 where he passed through several refugee camps in 1939... When England declared war on Germany in 1939, Mansbacher was classified as a category C alien and labeled a 'Refugee from Nazi Oppression,' but he was arrested and interned when Germany launched major operations in Western Europe in April 1940. He was moved through several internment camps in England before being relocated via the MS Sobieski to Canada, where he passed the rest of 1940 and most of 1941 in three different Canadian internment camps") - https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn502539#?rsc=137953&cv=0&c=0&m=0&s=0&xywh=-529%2C47%2C3688%2C3224