Pisa (Italy)--History--To 1509

found: Britannica Micro.("Internal struggles helped to bring about the occupation of Pisa by the Florentines in 1406. [...] When French armies invaded Italy in 1494, Pisa temporarily reasserted its independence; the city sustained a series of wars and sieges until Florence reconquered it in 1509. Thereafter it declined as a provincial Tuscan town.")

found: Wikipedia, Feb. 26, 2007:Pisa, Italy ("Pisa was conquered by Florence in 1406. [...] When in 1494 Charles VIII of France invaded the Italian states to claim Naples, Pisa grabbed the opportunity to reclaim its independence as the Second Pisan Republic. But the new freedom did not last long. After fifteen years of battles and sieges, Pisa was reconquered by Florence in 1509.")