found: Work cat: Color matters, 2014:cover (In the United States, as in many parts of the world, people are discriminated against based on the gradations of skin color. This type of skin tone bias, or colorism, is both related to and distinct from discrimination on the basis of race, with which it is often conflated) p. 199 (Variations between skin tone gradients have been noted as a criterion of within-group differentiation and stratification among people of color, black Americans in particular. This phenomenon is generically labeled colorism across a wide range of disciplines)
found: Collins English dictionary [electronic resource] viewed March 11, 2014:(Colorism, noun (US) a type of discrimination in which people are judged on the basis of their skin colour)
found: Colorism Healing WWW site, viewed March 11, 2014:(Colorism is prejudiced attitudes or prejudiced treatment of people based on the relative lightness or darkness of their skin in comparison to others of the same race; Colorism is a global phenomenon)
found: Exploring shadeism, 2018:page 6 (in multi-ethnic societies of the Caribbean, division is made along the more "traditional" lines of ethnicity; in less diverse societies discrimination is made on the basis of subtle differences in skin shade; I have termed this phenomenon shadeism)
found: Al-Solaylee, Kamal. Throwing shade, in National Post, May 14, 2016(colourism, or shadism; a close relative, but not a replica, of racism; colourism operates both between and within groups; Alice Walker reportedly coined the term "colourism" in 1982)
found: Bagalini, Adwoa. Colourism, August 26, 2020, via World Economic Forum website(skin-tone bias, or colourism, is a form of discrimination based on skin tone; frequently observed among members of the same ethnic or racial group)
found: Merriam-Webster website, Feb. 5, 2021(colorism: prejudice or discrimination especially within a racial or ethnic group favoring people with lighter skin over those with darker skin)
