Korea--History--Chejudo Rebellion, 1948

found: Jl. of Korean Studies, 1988:v. 2, art. (Merrill, J.R. The Chejudo rebellion)

found: The Island of World Peace, 2023:CIP t.p. (The Jeju Massacre) galley (the deadliest recognized civilian massacre in modern Korean history; Jeju 4.3; referred to as a resistance, an uprising, a rebellion, or an incident thus far, but it still does not have a proper historical definition; Referred to as Jeju Sasam or Jeju 4.3 after the uprising that broke out on April 3, 1948 on Jeju Island, the events were a series of violent clashes between the local communist insurgents on the one side, and the newly installed dictatorial South Korean government that the Americans supported; Between 25,000 and 30,000 unarmed civilians--about ten percent of Jeju's residents--were killed by counterinsurgency forces and insurgents; More than 40,000 Jeju people fled to Japan to escape the killings; in 2008, the Jeju 4.3 Peace Park was created to commemorate those who died or disappeared as a consequence of the Jeju 4.3 events)

found: LC database viewed March 28, 2023( Usage: Jeju 4.3=12 records; Cheju 4.3=63 records)

found: War crimes and atrocities, 2007:page 393 (The Jeju massacre was a suppression against an armed rebellion on Jeju island, South Korea, during the period of 3 April, 1948 to 21 September, 1954; A number of elements led to the massacre, including a complex co- operation between guerilla forces, police, youth groups, local and national armies with a strong US influence; The South Korean right-wing government decided to carry out nationwide campaigns in an effort to flush out communists and their sympathizers)

found: New World Encyclopedia, viewed online March 28, 2023:Jeju Uprising (Jeju Massacre (old spelling, "Cheju") refers to the rebellion and subsequent heavy government suppression on Jeju Island, South Korea, beginning April 3, 1948. In Jeju, it is referred to as the "4.3 Uprising" or "4.3 Massacre" (4.3 referring to April 3); between 30,000 and 60,000 people were killed in fighting between factions. Suppression of the rebellion by the South Korean army was brutal, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths, destroying many villages on the island, and sparking rebellions on the Korean mainland; The rebellion included the mutiny of several hundred members of the South Korean 11th Constabulary Regiment and lasted until May 1949, although small isolated pockets of fighting continued during the Korean War into 1953) - https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Jeju_Uprising