Retief, Pieter, 1780-1838

found: Dictionary of African Biography, accessed March 25, 2015, via Oxford African American Studies Center database:(Retief, Piet; Piet Mauritz Retief; colonist, murder victim; born 12 November 1780 in Lamiet Vallei, Western Cape province, South Africa; in 1834 joined the Great Trek, the migration of large parties of settlers from the Cape toward the African kingdoms and recruited others to join him (1836); issued a manifesto announcing his decision to leave the colony, the most notable such document produced by the trekkers (1836); his party left the Cape Colony and joined large mass of trekkers at the Orange River (1837); became one of the most prominent leaders in the trekker movement, led them into the Zulu kingdom, a territory that the Europeans called Natal (1837); negotiated with the Zulu king Dingane, was invited to the Zulu capital and killed (1837); later the trekkers established Natalia Republic in the southern half of the Zulu kingdom, named their capital Pietermaritzburg (1839); died 06 February 1837 in South Africa)

found: Encyclopedia of World Biography (Online), viewed June 7, 2015:(Pieter Retie, born on Nov. 12, 1780, at Wagenmakersvallei (modern Wellington, South Africa) to French parents; was a South African emigrant leader, sometimes called the first "president" of the Dutch-speaking people of South Africa; killed on February 6, 1838 in Umgungundlovu)