Aubame, Jean Hilaire, 1912-1989

found: Nsolé Biteghé, M. Echec aux militaires au Gabon, 1990:p. 110 (Jean Hilaire Aubame; b. 1912; politician in Gabon)

found: Dictionary of African Biography, accessed December 6, 2014, via Oxford African American Studies Center database:(Aubame, Jean-Hilaire; political figure; born 10 November 1912 in Libreville, Gabon; was educated at Catholic school; worked as a customs clerk (1930s); supported the Free French cause (1940); elected deputy (1946) and remained Gabon's representative in French parliament until the Fourth Republic was overthrown by Charles De Gaulle (1958); became the most popular politician in Woleu-Ntem province (1947); founded the Union Sociale et Démocratique Gabonaise (Gabon Democratic and Social Union, USDG) (1948); supported French-Gabonese ties and De Gaulle's referendum (1958); was appointed foreign minister (1961-1963) and was installed as the leader of Gabon after an organized coup (1964); the French troops invaded Gabon and Aubame was was sent into internal exile to do hard labor for ten years; his sentence was commuted in 1972; he rejoined his family members living in Paris; returned to Gabon shortly before his death; he is considered to be the founding father of Gabonese opposition to authoritarian rule; died 16 August 1989 in Gabon)