Murphy, John Henry, 1840-1922

found: Publishers, 1927-[196-?]:Schomburg Center, Photos & Prints Div., print caption (John Henry Murphy; founder of the Baltimore Afro-American)

found: Maryland, Deleware, DC Press Association website, accessed June 21, 2012:(John H. Murphy, Sr.; b. December 25, 1840, Baltimore, Md.; d. Apr. 5, 1922; founder of Afro-American Ledger)

found: African American National Biography, accessed March 13, 2015, via Oxford African American Studies Center database:(Murphy, John Henry, Sr.; newspaper editor/publisher; born 1840 in Baltimore, Maryland, United States; joined the Union army during the Civil War; held a political patronage job with the U.S. post office; worked as a porter, a janitor, and a feed store manager; was active in local organizations, particularly the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church; became superintendent of Sunday schools for the Hagerstown, Maryland, AME Church District (1880s); published the Afro-American, which later merged with the Ledger and was known for a time as the Afro-American Ledger (1901-1916), the Afro-American became one of the “Big Five” black newspapers of the first half of the twentieth century; died 1922 in Baltimore, Maryland, United States)