found: Work cat: Samatte, S. Smudging in the classroom, 2018(OCoLC)1202532057
found: Canadian encyclopedia online, viewed 5 July 2021:smudging (cultural ceremony practised by a wide variety of Indigenous peoples in Canada and other parts of the world, used for medicinal and practical purposes as well as for spiritual ceremonies, and frequently led by an elder or spiritual leader; practice generally involves prayer and the burning of sacred medicines, such as sweetgrass, cedar, sage and tobacco; Indigenous peoples have their own terms and phrases for smudging, including atisamânihk (Cree for "at the smudge") and nookwez (Ojibwe for "smudge medicinally"); while colonization has repressed such traditions, the practice of smudging has survived to the present day)
found: Native America in the twentieth century, 1994:traditional medicine (ceremonies like "smudging" (smoking) are intended for helping groups of people to return to harmony, but not for healing)
found: Canadian Oxford dictionary, 2004:smudge (2. N. Amer. noun 3. a burning bundle of sage, sweetgrass, cedar, etc., used in ritually purifying a house, room, person, etc.: (usu. attributive) : smudge stick. verb (transitive & intransitive) burn sage, sweetgrass, cedar, etc., with the intention of ritually purifying (a house, room, person, etc.); derivatives, smudging noun)
notfound: Canadian subject headings, via OCLC, viewed 5 July 2021;Encyclopedia of American Indian issues today, [2013]
