found: Work cat: Lynch, Elizabeth. Ground in stone, 2021:CIP summary (examines the insights and challenges of bedrock ground stone research) (DLC)2021036069
found: Office of the State Archaeologist (Iowa) WWW site, Sept. 23, 2021:ground stone artifacts (formed by pecking, grinding, or polishing one stone with another; ground stone tools usually made of basalt, rhyolite, granite, or other macrocrystallineigneous or metamorphic rocks, whose coarse structure makes them ideal for grinding other materials, including plants and other stone; North America, axes, celts, gouges, mauls, plummets, and bannerstones began to appear early in the Archaic period; describes several types of ground stone artifacts, including axes, celts, pipes, beads, ear spools)
found: San Diego Archaeological Center WWW site, Sept. 23, 2021:booklet for exhibit called Stone Stories (Chipped stone tools: made by striking one stone against another; includes sharp-edged points, scrapes, and knives; used for piercing and cutting; Ground stone tools: shaped by drilling, pecking, rubbing, and smoothing stones together; some were utilitarian, used to grind foods such as seeds and acorns; others were finely shaped, polished, or decorated and seem to symbolize an animal, another object, or an idea)
found: Baker, Ryan Christopher. A comparison of portable and bedrock ground stone technology among hunter-gatherers at Trinchera Cave in southeastern Colorado, 2019, via Proquest, Sept. 23, 2021:p. 35 (ground stone tools are "grinding tools ... used to process food items such as amaranth seeds, beans, cacao, chiles, maize kernels, squash seeds, sunflower seeds, and tomatoes as well as clay, pigments, and temper"; can also be used to process items such as ceremonial and medicinal herbs; come in various shapes and sizes; stone artifacts modified by or used to modify other materials through reduction techniques such as abrasion, pecking, or polishing; includes abraders, hammerstones, manos and metates, mortars and pestles, and polishers as well as the variety of artifacts that are shaped using these techniques)
